John Loque Posté 16 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 16 avril 2009 http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=10080 http://www.cato.org/pubs/wtpapers/greenwald_whitepaper.pdf On July 1, 2001, a nationwide law in Portugal took effect that decriminalized all drugs, including cocaine and heroin. Under the new legal framework, all drugs were "decriminalized," not "legalized." Thus, drug possession for personal use and drug usage itself are still legally prohibited, but violations of those prohibitions are deemed to be exclusively administrative violations and are removed completely from the criminal realm. Drug trafficking continues to be prosecuted as a criminal offense.While other states in the European Union have developed various forms of de facto decriminalization — whereby substances perceived to be less serious (such as cannabis) rarely lead to criminal prosecution — Portugal remains the only EU member state with a law explicitly declaring drugs to be "decriminalized." Because more than seven years have now elapsed since enactment of Portugal's decriminalization system, there are ample data enabling its effects to be assessed. Notably, decriminalization has become increasingly popular in Portugal since 2001. Except for some far-right politicians, very few domestic political factions are agitating for a repeal of the 2001 law. And while there is a widespread perception that bureaucratic changes need to be made to Portugal's decriminalization framework to make it more efficient and effective, there is no real debate about whether drugs should once again be criminalized. More significantly, none of the nightmare scenarios touted by preenactment decriminalization opponents — from rampant increases in drug usage among the young to the transformation of Lisbon into a haven for "drug tourists" — has occurred. The political consensus in favor of decriminalization is unsurprising in light of the relevant empirical data. Those data indicate that decriminalization has had no adverse effect on drug usage rates in Portugal, which, in numerous categories, are now among the lowest in the EU, particularly when compared with states with stringent criminalization regimes. Although postdecriminalization usage rates have remained roughly the same or even decreased slightly when compared with other EU states, drug-related pathologies — such as sexually transmitted diseases and deaths due to drug usage — have decreased dramatically. Drug policy experts attribute those positive trends to the enhanced ability of the Portuguese government to offer treatment programs to its citizens — enhancements made possible, for numerous reasons, by decriminalization. This report will begin with an examination of the Portuguese decriminalization framework as set forth in law and in terms of how it functions in practice. Also examined is the political climate in Portugal both pre- and postdecriminalization with regard to drug policy, and the impetus that led that nation to adopt decriminalization. The report then assesses Portuguese drug policy in the context of the EU's approach to drugs. The varying legal frameworks, as well as the overall trend toward liberalization, are examined to enable a meaningful comparative assessment between Portuguese data and data from other EU states. The report also sets forth the data concerning drug-related trends in Portugal both pre- and postdecriminalization. The effects of decriminalization in Portugal are examined both in absolute terms and in comparisons with other states that continue to criminalize drugs, particularly within the EU. The data show that, judged by virtually every metric, the Portuguese decriminalization framework has been a resounding success. Within this success lie self-evident lessons that should guide drug policy debates around the world. Lien vers le commentaire
h16 Posté 16 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 16 avril 2009 Très intéressant. Bookmarké. Merci Lien vers le commentaire
teabag Posté 16 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 16 avril 2009 Dans la même série. http://societe.fluctuat.net/blog/36334-en-…d-la-crise.html Lien vers le commentaire
Astha Posté 16 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 16 avril 2009 Dans la même série.http://societe.fluctuat.net/blog/36334-en-…d-la-crise.html cela permettrait de prélever au moins 1 milliard de dollars par ans de taxes diverses On comprend vite leurs intérêts. Lien vers le commentaire
Rincevent Posté 17 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 17 avril 2009 On comprend vite leurs intérêts. Ben oui. Comment la Prohibition a-t-elle pris fin, selon toi ? Lien vers le commentaire
Randian shithead Posté 17 avril 2009 Signaler Share Posté 17 avril 2009 Ben oui. Comment la Prohibition a-t-elle pris fin, selon toi ? Quand Leepose a opte pour le chichon. Lien vers le commentaire
Messages recommandés
Archivé
Ce sujet est désormais archivé et ne peut plus recevoir de nouvelles réponses.